Preparation and conduct of sessions field.

1.1       preparatory phase

During this phase, the trainers conducted:

-          shared reading of the terms of reference. which was to bring N'ko TDRs to capture the content correctly, this is the concept of sharing.

-          Analyze and choose the first book literacy N'ko (the Hate) adapted specific needs of the target group.

-          Readjustment Program due to the delayed start date of week.

1.2 Conduct of sessions on the field.

The arrival of the team of trainers at the Village of Willie and was expected well received by both populations by the municipal authorities, and Village elders.

Day 1: Monday, September 17 was devoted to the presentation, the introduction of the purpose of the assignment, adoption program, and the official launch of work sessions.

 Day 2: September 18 start of work.

Program discussed and adopted by mutual agreement

1.   Literacy N'Ko.

During this session 16 mornings Kamory Mr. Keita was the trainer. Under the supervision and assistance of Mr. Karamoko BAMBA *1 He taught young learners in writing two languages and character Letters: writing N'Ko, French and Latin.

Writing N'Ko: young learned and assimilated in a methodical teaching their own culture all 27 letters of the alphabet N'KO. (the 7 vowels, consonants les19, the neutral and the double consonant twice what RR). During training the trainer has ensured the active participation of all learners and multiplied practical examples and case studies.

2.      Awareness on the importance of plants and their usefulness to humans

During this long session held after 14 noon, the trainer Yacouba Konate, taught to young the importance of domestic plants and that of the surrounding savanna, their usefulness for health, and economic rights.

They have learned in theory and in practice, techniques and different types of grafting techniques in seed production nursery, grafting material, preparation and production of seedlings.

3. L'Initiation Culture and tradition (by Karamoko Bamba)

Approximately 150 people watched with interest in this conference. This means that the interest of this exchange has exceeded the group of 21 young.

Radio Free Jamana of Koutiala conducted a wide range of information in advance on the subject and on the person of Master  Karamoko BAMBA

with details of day, time and venue. It was overcast and rebroadcast the conference. This meeting has drained the populations of the three villages and the town of M'Pèssoba, Koutiala, etc.. ...

What he had remember? The organization formerly of our traditional society (its culture, hierarchy, authority ...).

What he had understand? The erosion of this fine company for the benefit of Western morals.

What he had see? The death culture of our society that local authorities recognize willingly.

This meeting was a great opportunity for awareness for the entire village.

 It should be noted here: master Karamogo Bamba chose to remain on site to oversee the experience. His visit was also the occasion of several meetings informally with the village authorities (village chief, Imam, etc..)

2.   Decentralization, Democracy, Citizenship and the gender concept

Thank you to read the commentary a frame having attended the conference:

Decentralization by Richard Toe

Gender and Development by Richard Toe

Gender is explained, perceptions of gender, how it was lived in traditional society, the allocation of work. The absolute guarantee gender equity for development sustainable. End of quote.

No society should be built on the imbalance based on sex. Not taking into account the role or Service

Reproduction social status of women in the assessment of the economic activity of society is behind this major injustice against women in all weather and even these so disants "modern". Integrating the gender concept in the Development is an eminently democratic.

See attached document:

2.      The technical production of honey and bees impact on our plants and their natural reproduction.

In several sessions theory and practices, Dr. Badara Alou Cisse has taught youth and Villagers from across beekeeping techniques, the impact of bees our plants and their natural reproduction.

Regarding this subject, evaluation focused on the participants' understanding of bees, hives, honey, its byproducts and their uses.

In terms of assessing the participants have absorbed the lessons and techniques taught to namely:

-          knowledge of the biology of the bee  structure of a colony

-          knowledge of the hive and its manipulation

-          products from the beehive: origin, harvesting technique, use and value therapeutic

-          The improved beekeeping practices

-          The manufacture of candles, soap and ointment, beeswax.

 II.           Results

The final evaluation organized the end of the training has helped to assess the degree of understanding of topics taught, mastering techniques, participation and response participants.

First it should be stressed that these young learners although not illiterate knowing neither read or write in any language taught in Mali were trained at the School of Trunks scientists AKT. This experience has created among youth awakening quite remarkable. A desire to learn to learn and discover is evident among the young.

1.   Session on Literacy in N'Ko and French.

The evaluation of In general the degree of understanding of participants and their assessment of the session.

All participants acknowledged having made new acquisitions during this session.

However all students admit that they have assimilated more readily by alphabet N'Ko report to the French for what the pronunciation of some letters did not equivalent in our language. As V

At the end of the session, all participants could read and write their full names and any word or N'ko any word in N'Ko. For French alphabet has been singing and some are in bold to go and write their names on the roll with the Latin alphabet to the great satisfaction.

2.   Awareness on the importance of plants and their usefulness to humans

In this session, retain the importance of new acquisitions in terms of strengthening awareness in relation to the Environment.

Multiplication exercises practices in the field grafting techniques in seed production has helped raise the level of understanding of all participants so that 90% have fully assimilated the various techniques. If they have committed to undertake an activity for plantation use.

Regarding the protection of Environmental lessons learned have awakened the consciousness of participants involved in managing and protecting their environment.

The importance of plants for health has been highlighted by the presentation of product samples of traditional medicines produced by the trainer himself. The learners were not the only ones to appreciate these products.

3.   Initiation of Culture and African tradition

Compared to this topic evaluation has to check the awareness of participants on their culture, tradition and importance in development.

On this issue all Participants reported that they learned several lessons about values cultural tradition and they did not know.

Given the importance of lessons learned, they require more time to intervene on the speaker's theme.

4.   Decentralization, Democracy, Citizenship and the gender concept

About this theme Participants expressed their satisfaction of teaching received so point they also require longer intervention of the speaker A discussion on: the theme on the transfer of skills. (Still pending) has highly interested in the mayor and local authorities. They ask for more

5.   The technical production of honey and bees impact on our plants and their natural reproduction.

Regarding this theme evaluation focused on the participants' understanding of bees, hives, honey in its products and their uses.

In terms of assessing the participants have absorbed the lessons and techniques taught to namely:

-          knowledge of the biology of the bee

-          structure of a colony

-          knowledge of the hive and its manipulation

-          products from the beehive: origin, harvesting technique, use and value therapeutic

-          The improved beekeeping practices

-          The manufacture of candles, soap and ointment base of beeswax.

 III.         Findings:

In addition to the results released to evaluating a number of observations were made during this session.

These include:

 Finding 1.

Literacy Level

The target audience being young people (men and women) illiterate who can not read and write all languages. Therefore, it was not only a time to write correct alphabets, but also a time for learning with their ability.

Also, we found in their review sessions a rapid loss of memory what we have to expand review sessions during the 25 days of training.

After teaching and N'Ko the French, we found that the N'Ko is easier to learn by these young more than the French.

The difficulties are identified located at the pronunciation of certain letters of the alphabet French example: the fact N'ko spoken consonants with the vowel "a" is read So Pa Ba Za Ta while the French read Be Pe Te Zed. In addition the letter C is pronounced as K Coulibaly. The vowel O is written in several ways including: O AU on F also spelled with PH Despite the difficulties associated with this exercise young people have managed to learn the alphabet in French shortly.

Finding 2

Level Culture and tradition.

During this session, we have found that there is widespread ignorance of culture in Mali general and in particular that of their environment (the Miniakala). This results a loss of markers of tradition among older parents and many on young people who are paying the price. The reasons cited are generally Islam and the influence of cultures that we live in today.

The intervention Speakers Karamoko Bamba and Richard Toe the importance of culture and tradition, democracy, citizenship and the role of women in the socio-economic development of our societies has created an awakening of consciousness among participants.

In the treatment of subjects, solidarity, civility, honesty and mutual support have attracted considerable the attention of participants who admit that these themes are the foundation of development of their community.

Finding 3

Level of technical topics (beekeeping and tree).

These young people are aware of the value of work in general, but did not study, they think everything running does not work in the field or market is restricted to staff, so they should not even think about it.

This thinking has ducts not interested in learning the techniques of production some branches.

But this training has offered an opportunity to focus on learning activity generating income.

Already techniques seedling production, grafting and learned beekeeping have motivated some to consider when they return initiatives in these areas.

IV.         Perspectives.

The session was indeed very beneficial for the participants, the execution time relatively sufficient for we must also take into account the pace of actors and their ability to reception. Do not display the session too, but opt for the increase.

It seems essential to monitor the educational progress in the acquisition writing. Then introduction to grammar and finally initiation figures, arithmetic. Ce 2^th level is to implement a desired time soon.

Other training framework: the discovery visit to Mande and farms experiencing the TOE family on the outskirts of Bamako.

The current process AKT and dear to us all is woven ties, and will comes to earth to search for Mali pioneers of this revival cultural. It is important to go and meet those who dare, and the meaning of this visit is to share with the seniors.

To share more, and generate local dynamics, it is necessary expand the process to other municipalities close to that of CAT, the impact of local radio Jamana has already done the work of communication, it remains to identify other groups and replicate those sequences AWAKENING.

From left to right Richard, Chief Village Willie Vincent, Karamoko, DCAP, an Academic Advisor

II.           CONCLUSION

Everything was done as AKT with that at the current session is widely and clearly positive.

Professor Karamoko Bamba Noting the cultural impasse that municipality has extended his stay without increase its performance. He shared freely, without calculation.

The ongoing process deserves to be particularly monitored and accompanied as it announces a possible way of Democratic Renewal.

With the level of understanding present these young, single learning N'Ko can easily improve their knowledge and understanding, and they can be finally actors of civil society.

to continue this training and advocate regular monitoring sites.

* 1 A word about Karamogo Bamba:

He is the Chairman wise movement MCD Mali. One of the first student in Soudan / Mali's the inventor of writing N'ko, Fode Karamogo Souleymane Kante (1949 to date the invention of writing N'ko). M Bamba has created and supported associations fight against illiteracy and obscurantism in all its forms. It is in Mali the reference regarding the history of West Africa seen from within, culture and tradition. Karamogo Bamba 67 years.

Supportive supervision, Animators, municipal offices,

All partners have worked hard for success This session: Coordination of PADE, the AMEDD NGOs, the CAP, the authorities customary and local beneficiaries themselves.

APPENDICES

1.   List of Participants

2.   The list of participants in conferences and Richard Karamogo Bamba Toe

3.   The organization of traditional society

4.   Introduction to the gender issue.

4. The challenges of decentralization

The list of young Participants

THE CHALLENGES OF DECENTRALIZATION :

1.  Strategy domestication of democracy: local democracy, local governance: he meant by ownership African populations of the approach and implementation process local governance by negotiation between the actors and legitimacy Local now recognized. It should be noted that local democracy will negotiated with the actors and local legitimacy or will not. Elected premises must be familiar with this situation.

2.  Local development strategy: Governance local economy must be considered the main gateway to the issue of local development. Particular attention should be given to this question. Local authorities must base their strategy priority on developing knowledge and local resources to succeed their mission.

3.  Strategy cultural renaissance: revaluation of plural cultures of Mali longer reduced to the status of local folklore. The African cultures have become a real national product as important that our natural resources and others.

4.  Strategy for implementation of decentralized cooperation:

This strategy to reach out to people affected by the problem of development.

Introduction to gender and development issue.

Introduction to chat

Ø The 6 supports the message

§  1 Who delivers the message? Kuma = fo baa? 

§  2 In which language the message is delivered? Kuma = fo kan?   

§  3 ° place = kuma fo yoro 

§  4 The time kuma = fo tuma 

§  6 = how Kuma gna wala has fo fo "Coko" 

  ·        What is culture?

Culture is the totality of knowledge, expertise in all areas of all components of a people is to say, its science, its laws and regulations, philosophy, religions and customs, etc..

Culture, whether it consists of inheritance is also traversed by external inputs that can enrich it.

Culture is the spirit of man that food is to the body, as the body can not absorb all the food safe as the mind can also accept without any risk.

Our culture is enriched by input from outside without losing its soul.

Culture is the engine of progress, without progress cultural point of development.

The development would in my view: to develop what we have inherited, our heritage, tangible and intangible, and domesticate what we do not.

The place of women in our culture.

Ø It is not uncommon to hear that woman is an inferior mind, it ranks the same level of the child.

Ø It is not uncommon to hear thatIt Do not trust women, do not tell him her secrets man, it is more related to his father's family that the home of her husband.

Ø It is not uncommon to hear that man should not be dominated by his wife, in any case should the appear in any way.

Things to Remember: The Importance of Women in Culture

In the Mandingo language to designate the woman is said wench (Muso ), which seems Does he contraction of the word môôssun , môgôsun . (Listen carefully kassonké muso pronounced the word you hear much say môôsun) which mean simply that we have of women. This is why no us, we men do not think to challenge it.

All the great names of our history are preceded etornés name women Tella known as: Kanku Musa Keita (Makantajigi) Sogolo Diata Keita (Sundiata Keita) Makoro Monzon Diarra (Segu) etc..

Ø This is also why we are dedicated to men all day long a large respect to women across the greetings as:

    i ni cé réponse, m’baa  which means that the greeting is my mother who made me what you see the, if there's merit that it rightfully.

Ø When we turn to the women in general we say with respect:

    anw ba la kaw ( ).

Ø When a situation is hopeless we exclaim: bê b’i ba bolo ( ).

Ø Finally, we have and we say: ni muso tê jamanako min na, o ko tê gna, wa a tê diya  .  Here is why we mobilize always Women know that because we can not succeed without them.

Why reduce the Gods that made it even bigger? Why cut up the Women in our daily social exercise as our culture made up half the sky is said to ourselves?

The importance of women in building society

Muso ye dunan ye n’ka du tê jô a kô, kin tê jô a kô, dugu tê jô a kô, ka taa se jamana yêrê ma:

 Translation. The woman is a stranger, but the family can not build without it, neither the district nor the village, or even the nation.

Muso ye gwa de ye. (gwakulu saba kôni, tobolan bê sigi min kan) an ka sigi sinsin yôrô fôlôfôlô.

 Translation. The woman is the first institution of our society.

The man also is an institution.

The relationship between women and men is a matter of institutional. (Subject of debate and exchange)

Economic development: Economy What is politics? in Bambara,

sôrôbêrêbêrêli, harijêgê fêrêw ni mako gnini cokow bê foroba tôgô de ye sôrôbêrêbêrêli ye.

The modern world needs ever increasing lead us all to come in economic activities at local and national level. Women and men are involved.

The desired and expected development is not possible without the mobilization of all and correct information on all of the potentialities of the country or locality.

Ø The potential of the basement as surface resources.

Ø Actual spending for the country or locality

Ø He must also know what does not exist. Even at the village level is useful to know these data.

The country as localities have three strengths for Successful participation in the economy, production (lawololi):

Ø The land (natural resources). Lawolota 

Ø His men and women. Lawolola 

Ø Financial resources. Manankun 

How to confront the modern woman and man together?

If yesterday our mothers we are preparing to confront the deer and the environment hostile was ours in those ancient times.

Today their role as first teachers, "Smith our courage, those who made the Simbons more complex) because the deer are not the same. To fight against them and overcome it we need more than courage, strength, physical and speech very well built.

The beasts of today are named poverty supported by the desertification, disease and ignorance.

We need another generation of Môôsun (from Mouso ) we must realize together.

Ø By education: we must overcome our distrust of the school foreign.

Ø Information: requires that women and men are at the same level information because information is the food of the mind.

Ø Continuing education: who can adapt to requirement changes

Ø And full participation in civic affairs: Who will be the collective hello and individual.

Two proverbs good home we are building on the question of concept GENRE:

1.  An bè ka na to a guin wara blo, no te dô ta b'a mine.

    Translation: Do not let everyone in tune with the lion pursues, if not some will be eaten.

2.  If you find a drug that allows you to run well, do not consume alone sharing it with those you can not leave. Because you'll have to return for them.

The type concept is not only directed at women as we suggested so often.

Mai an issue of democracy and fairness true democracy can not go without the concept type.